DIY Sheep Hay Feeder Plans Simple 4 Foot Bunk Under 80
A compact 4-foot bunk-style hay feeder holds a 1-1/2-square bale for lambs, adult sheep, goats, ponies, and minis.
The build uses plywood panels cut to 20" x 4' and six 8' 2x4s, with 17" bunk pieces and 3" wood screws documented in the printable cut list and step-by-step assembly.
Required tools are a circular saw and a 1/2-inch drill with a No. 2 bit, both listed in the tools section.
Materials sourced new target a budget under $80, with reclaimed lumber cutting the cost further.
Related reading: DIY sheep hay feeder plans | sheep hay feeder safety tips | round bale feeder criteria for sheep
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder Plans: Simple 4‑Foot Bunk for Small Farms Holds 1‑1/2‑Square Bale and Costs Under $80
The finished unit is a compact 4-foot-wide bunk-style hayrack with plywood panels approximately 20" high that holds up to a 1-1/2-square hay bale and presents a low feed face accessible to lambs, adult sheep, goats, ponies, and minis.
The build scope is beginner-friendly woodworking using common power tools (circular saw and a 1/2-inch drill with No. 2 bit) and straightforward joinery.
The bill-of-materials baseline uses six 8' 2x4s, plywood cut to 20" x 4', 17" 2x4 bunk pieces, and 3" wood screws; those specifics appear in the printable cut list and step sequence below.
- Bunk hayrack — low-profile 4' footprint with vertical plywood panels (approx 20" high) forming an integrated feed trough and bunk.
- Capacity — accepts up to a 1-1/2-square bale for concentrated storage, reduced refill frequency, and suitable winter feeding.
- Primary materials — 6 × 8' 2x4s plus 1 × 20" × 4' plywood panel; hardware includes 3" wood screws and cut members such as 17" bunk pieces, all itemized in the cut list.
Budget target is under $80 when using new materials; reclaimed lumber lowers the cost further.
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Tools and Materials List with Quantities
Required power tools include a circular saw and a 1/2-inch drill fitted with a No. 2 bit for pilot holes and driving screws.
A speed square, tape measure, clamps, and a ratcheting screwdriver or impact driver speed the assembly and keep layout accurate.
Primary lumber and hardware are six 8' 2x4s, a plywood sheet trimmed to 20" x 48" for the back/panel, 17" 2x4 cut pieces used in the bunk assembly, and 3" wood screws for structural fastenings.
Optional upgrades for longevity and functionality include exterior-grade or pressure-treated 2x4s at ground contact points, galvanized brackets or screws for corrosion resistance, and simple PVC or metal slats for anti-pull bars.
- 6 — 8' 2x4s — frame studs and rails
- 1 — plywood @ 20" × 48" — back/panel and feed face
- 6 — 17" 2x4 pieces — bunk spacers and internal supports
- 40 — 3" wood screws — structural connections and joints
- 1 — 1/2" drill with No. 2 bit — pilot holes and screw driving
- 1 — circular saw — ripping panels and rails (set blade 1/8"–1/4" deeper than plywood)
- 1 — speed square — layout and squareness checks
- 1 — tape measure — dimensions and cut layout
- 2–4 — bar clamps — hold assemblies during fastening
- 1 — 4x4 post — reference for foundation layout and center marks
- 1 — bottle of exterior wood glue or preservative — joint longevity
- 4 — galvanized corner brackets (optional) — added corrosion-resistant reinforcement
| Item | Quantity | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 2x4s (8') | 6 | Frame studs, legs, rails |
| Plywood 20" × 48" | 1 sheet | Back panel and feed face |
| 3" wood screws | 40 | Structural fasteners (estimate) |
| 1/2" drill bit + No.2 | 1 set | Pilot/driving combo |
| Circular saw | 1 | Panel and board cutting; follow blade-depth guidance |
| Wood glue / preservative | 1 bottle | Seal joints and exposed end grain |
| Galvanized brackets | 4 | Optional, adds corrosion resistance |
| Optional PVC fittings | varies | Anti-pull bars or slats |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Printable Plans and Cut List (Board-by-Board)
This cut list converts the compact 4-foot bunk footprint into a board-by-board set ready for a printable PDF and on-bench layout.
The list uses the plan’s core dimensions: 4-foot rails, plywood panels at 20" × 48", and 17" 2x4 bunker pieces called out in the source material.
Save this page as a printable PDF for the jobsite and follow the build section for step-by-step images paired with each numbered cut below.
Note on circular-saw cutting safety and accuracy.
Set blade depth only 1/8"–1/4" deeper than the plywood thickness and fully support the sheet while cutting to prevent blade contact with the ground.
Pilot-drill screw holes and clamp assemblies before driving structural fasteners.
Label and stack cut parts immediately after cutting to avoid mix-ups.
Use weatherproof tags or masking tape with part names and cut lengths.
Group fasteners and hardware in small bags taped to the corresponding parts.
Refer to the build section where photos will show the marked layout and labeling process for each cut.
- Cut 6 — 2x4 @ 48" — long rails and primary frame members.
- Cut 4 — 2x4 @ 42" — secondary rails and top trim.
- Cut 4 — 2x4 @ 24" — leg risers or short vertical supports.
- Cut 4 — 2x4 @ 17" — bunk spacers and internal supports (scraped spec).
- Cut 6 — 1x3 or PVC slats @ 44" — anti-pull slats across feed face.
- Cut 1 — plywood @ 20" × 48" — main back/feed panel (scraped spec).
- Cut 1 — plywood @ 20" × 48" — optional floor/inner panel.
- Cut 4 — 2x4 @ 12" — blocking and corner fills.
- Cut 2 — 2x4 @ 36" — diagonal braces for frame stiffness.
- Fastener pack — 40 × 3" wood screws, wood glue, 4 galvanized brackets.
| Part | Dimensions | Quantity | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legs / long rails | 2x4 @ 48" | 6 | Primary frame members |
| Top / bottom rails | 2x4 @ 42" | 4 | Trim and feed-face framing |
| Slats / anti-pull bars | 1x3 or PVC @ 44" | 6 | Limit hay pull-through |
| Plywood panels | 20" × 48" | 1–2 sheets | Back panel and optional floor |
| Bunk pieces | 2x4 @ 17" | 4 | Internal bunk spacers (scraped spec) |
| Brace pieces | 2x4 @ 36" | 2 | Diagonal frame stiffeners |
| Blocking | 2x4 @ 12" | 4 | Corner and mounting support |
| Fastener pack | 3" wood screws + brackets | 1 set | Structural connections |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Step-by-Step Assembly with Photos and Video Cues
Prep and layout focuses on verified dimensions, panel orientation, and marking the 4' rails on a flat work surface.
Use a speed square and a 4x4 beam to locate center marks for leg and rail placement before cutting or fastening.
Base and frame assembly builds the rectangular outer frame first, fastening long 2x4 rails and legs to establish a rigid footprint.
Clamp assemblies, pilot-drill holes with a 1/2-inch drill using a No. 2 bit, and drive 3" wood screws for structural connections.
Bunk and panel installation attaches the 17" 2x4 bunk pieces to the inside faces of two 48" boards, then joins opposite boards to form the feed trough.
Fit the 20" × 48" plywood back panel and optional floor panel, fasten with 3" screws, and add anti-pull slats.
Final fastening and checks include countersinking where needed, adding galvanized brackets at corners if specified, and a walkthrough square and torque check.
Confirm all exposed fasteners are flush and no sharp edges remain before placing hay.
- Step 1 — Layout marks on 4' rails using speed square; no fasteners; 8 min.
- Step 2 — Cut 2x4s and plywood to listed lengths; circular saw; 25 min.
- Step 3 — Sand cut edges; sandpaper; 10 min.
- Step 4 — Fasten 17" bunk pieces to two 48" boards with 3 × 3" screws each; 10 min.
- Step 5 — Assemble outer frame with 6 × 3" screws per corner; 20 min.
- Step 6 — Install diagonal braces with 3 × 3" screws each; 12 min.
- Step 7 — Fit plywood back panel with 12 × 3" screws; 15 min.
- Step 8 — Add anti-pull slats with 6 × 1-1/4" screws; 10 min.
- Step 9 — Apply glue to critical joints; clamp 30 min (drying overlap).
- Step 10 — Countersink and finish-sand exposed heads; 8 min.
- Step 11 — Fasten galvanized brackets at corners (optional) with 4 × screws; 8 min.
- Step 12 — Anchor or place unit, final square and torque check; anchor hardware varies; 15 min.
Photo and Video Shot List
- Cut list layout on bench showing part labels and tape-marked lengths.
- Speed-square center-marking on a 4x4 beam and rail alignment.
- Pilot drilling with 1/2-inch drill and No. 2 bit, close-up of bit and hole.
- Fastening bunk pieces: screw driving into inside face, show screw count.
- Final assembled feeder from feed face and side angles for inspection.
- Sheep accessing feeder, 30–90 second clip showing fit and access.
Fastening and Pilot Hole Guidance
Pilot holes reduce splitting and keep joints tight when using 3" wood screws.
- Use a drill bit sized to the screw shank (approx 1/8"–3/16" pilot for 3" screws).
- Space screws 6–8" apart on primary rails; use pairs at high-load points.
- Countersink screw heads slightly below surface for safety and sealing.
- Use a 1/2" drill fitted with a No. 2 bit for pilot/driving tasks when using compatible screw systems.
| Step | Main Tool | Approx Time |
|---|---|---|
| Layout | Speed square, tape measure | 8 min |
| Cutting | Circular saw | 25 min |
| Frame assembly | 1/2" drill, clamps | 20 min |
| Bunk install | 1/2" drill, screwdriver | 10 min |
| Finishing | Sandpaper, countersink | 16 min |
| Anchoring | Post driver / anchor kit | 15 min |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Dimensions, Capacity and How Many Sheep It Serves
The finished feeder footprint measures 48" wide by 24" deep with an overall unit height of 24".
The feed-face plywood panels sit at approximately 20" high, creating a low access point suitable for lambs, adult sheep, goats, ponies, and minis.
Frame depth and low height reduce hoof-strike and make forage removal by smaller stock straightforward.
Capacity accepts a 1-1/2‑square hay bale seated within the bunk and restrained by the 20" feed-face panels.
A single 1-1/2‑square bale in dry condition will supply a small flock for a variable period depending on consumption rate and bale density.
For planning, treat the feeder as a high-capacity daily feed reservoir that reduces refill frequency during winter feeding.
Feed access should provide 6–8" of linear face per animal for comfortable concurrent feeding.
A single 4' feed face therefore serves six to eight sheep at once under group-feeding conditions.
For larger flocks, deploy multiple units spaced to avoid crowding and competitive access.
- Overall width — 48" — 4-foot footprint for one bale accommodation
- Overall depth — 24" — stable base and feed trough depth
- Panel (feed face) height — 20" — low access for lambs and minis
- Linear feed space per sheep — 6–8" — comfortable concurrent access
- Concurrent capacity per feeder — 6–8 sheep — adjust feeder count by flock size
| Dimension | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Overall width | 48" | Fits 1–1/2‑sq bale, 4' feed face |
| Overall depth | 24" | Allows bunk seating and reduced trampling |
| Panel height (feed face) | 20" | Low-profile access for lambs and adults |
| Ideal feed face per sheep | 6–8" | One 4' feeder serves 6–8 sheep concurrently |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Variations — Bale Cradle, Rack, and Slow-Feeder Options
The plan splits into three practical variants that fit different flock sizes and feeding goals.
Each variant trades material cost and build complexity for feed-control and capacity, so the builder selects by flock size, waste tolerance, and winter feed load.
The 4-foot bunk serves small flocks with low material needs.
Metal rack or slow-feeder options reduce pull-through and trampling for moderate flocks.
Round-bale cradles deliver bulk winter feeding for larger groups but require heavier hardware and anchoring and push the project above the sub-$80 baseline.
- Bunk-style — Core materials: 6 × 8' 2x4s + 20" × 48" plywood; Footprint: 4' × 2'; Estimated cost: $50–$80 new; Waste/profile: moderate if slats added; Best-season use: year-round small-flock feeding.
- Bunk-style — Low-skill build: basic circular-saw and drill work; Good for lambs and minis; Quick refill frequency for small herds.
- Metal rack / slow-feeder — Core materials: welded metal frame or galvanized rack + PVC slats; Footprint: similar 4' face or larger; Estimated cost: $120–$300; Waste/profile: low pull-through and trampling; Best-season use: winter and high-value hay periods.
- Metal rack / slow-feeder — Mid-skill: metalwork or prebuilt rack integration; Adds theft/predator resistance; Lower daily hay loss.
- Round-bale cradle — Core materials: heavy 2x6 or 4x4 frame, reinforced crossbars, anchor kit; Footprint: larger diameter allowance; Estimated cost: $300+; Waste/profile: variable depending on containment; Best-season use: bulk winter feeding.
- Round-bale cradle — High-skill build or contractor weld; Requires strong anchors and regular inspection; Moves beyond $80 cost target.
Quick Build Notes for a Round-Bale Cradle
- Increase structural members to 2x6 or use welded steel hoops for belly support; adopt reinforced cross-bracing.
- Fit heavy-duty carriage bolts and backing plates at all major joints; use grade 5 or higher fasteners.
- Anchor the cradle with ground anchors or buried posts rated for lateral loads; place on compacted, well-drained pad.
- Test with an empty bale and a loaded bale before routine use; note that upgraded hardware and materials push total costs well above $80.
| Variant | Best Use | Estimated Cost Range |
|---|---|---|
| Bunk-style (4' bunk) | Small flocks, simple maintenance | $50–$80 |
| Metal rack / slow-feeder | Reduced waste, medium flocks | $120–$300 |
| Round-bale cradle | Bulk winter feeding, large groups | $300+ |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder Plans: Simple 4‑Foot Bunk for Small Farms Holds 1‑1/2‑Square Bale and Costs Under $80
Site selection prioritizes a firm, well‑drained pad to prevent wet hay contact and prolonged spoilage.
Locate the feeder on a slight grade or compacted gravel, sheltered from prevailing wind to limit snow or rain accumulation on the feed face.
Place within short walking distance of feed storage to reduce labor while keeping fuel and rodent attractants separate from the immediate feed area.
Anchoring method selection depends on permanence and soil type.
For a permanent install, set pressure‑treated 4x4 posts into the ground and cut to frame height; for mixed‑use sites, use heavy‑duty ground anchors or flange bolts on a small concrete pad.
During layout, mark centerlines on a 4x4 beam and square across with a speed square to locate leg positions accurately before drilling or setting anchors.
Mobility options provide flexibility for pasture rotation and manure management.
Fit heavy‑duty swivel casters with locks for short moves, or add skid runners (2x6 runners bolted under the base) for dragging with a tractor.
Make anchors removable or use strap tie‑downs so the unit converts between fixed and portable quickly.
- Helical ground anchors + stainless straps — 30–60 min — per anchor, good in loose soils
- Buried pressure‑treated 4x4 posts + concrete — 1–2 hrs — permanent, high lateral load capacity
- Concrete pad + flange anchors — 2–4 hrs — best on compacted pads, ideal for high‑use sites
- Skid runners (2x6) + carriage bolts — 1–2 hrs — low‑tech mobility, tractor friendly
- Heavy‑duty swivel casters (locking) — 30–60 min — quick moves, limited rough‑ground use
- Removable eye bolts + ratchet straps — 15–30 min — fast temporary anchoring/mobility
| Placement Factor | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Drainage | Locate on gravel or compacted soil with 1–2% slope away from feeder to shed water |
| Proximity to shelter | Place within visual range of shelter but not inside high‑traffic bedding areas |
| Feed storage | Keep feeder within short walk of dry feed storage to minimize handling and spoilage |
| Manure management | Site for periodic scraping and cleanout; use 4x4 centerline and speed square when marking anchor or leg locations |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Weatherproofing, Materials Finish and Corrosion Protection
The builder should specify exterior‑grade plywood for the feed face and any exposed panels, and use pressure‑treated or well‑sealed 2x4s where wood contacts the ground.
Galvanized or stainless fasteners and brackets reduce corrosion at critical joints, and a coat of exterior acrylic latex or spar urethane on cut ends extends service life.
An insulated roof insert (closed‑cell foam) is an optional winter upgrade to slow ice formation and keep bedding hay drier.
- Exterior‑grade plywood (20" × 48") — back panel and primary weather barrier.
- Pressure‑treated 2x4s at ground contact — legs and lower rails to resist rot.
- Galvanized or stainless 3" wood screws and bracket set — structural fastenings and corrosion resistance.
- Exterior acrylic latex paint or spar urethane — seals end grain and exposed surfaces.
- Corrugated metal roofing sheet (scrap or new) + neoprene washer screws — low‑cost durable roof option.
- Heavy‑duty tarpaulin + treated battens — ultra‑low cost temporary cover and drip control.
- Closed‑cell foam board (cut to roof cavity) + ventilation gap — optional insulation for winter feeding.
Weatherproofing cuts visible hay spoilage and wet rot, lowering haul‑away and rebuild frequency and reducing long‑term material costs.
A modest up‑front spend on galvanized hardware and sealed wood generally pays back faster than repeated repairs.
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Maintenance, Cleaning, and Troubleshooting Common Issues
The original feeder plan lacked maintenance and troubleshooting details, so this section provides a concise schedule and practical cleaning routine for small‑farm operators.
Clear spoiled hay weekly, inspect all structural fasteners monthly, and replace wet or delaminated plywood panels when detected.
Record inspections in a log to track recurring wear points and guide component upgrades over time.
Operators should follow a simple cleaning procedure after each major feeding period.
Remove loose hay and sweep the bunk, pull wet or soiled material, brush debris from slats and panel edges, then air dry the unit before refilling.
Treat exposed end grain and repaired areas with a wood preservative after drying to extend service life.
Seasonal checks focus on weather effects and anchoring integrity.
Before winter, verify roof or tarp attachments, confirm anchors or buried posts remain solid, and tighten any loosened fasteners after freeze‑thaw cycles.
Perform a rot inspection after prolonged wet periods and replace compromised components immediately.
- Clear spoiled hay weekly from feed face and bunk.
- Sweep and brush out debris after major feedings.
- Inspect and tighten structural screws monthly.
- Replace wet or delaminated plywood panels as needed.
- Check slat spacing and skirt panels quarterly to reduce pull‑through.
- Test anchors and posts before high‑wind or freeze seasons.
- Sand and seal exposed end grain after repairs.
- Maintain a dated log of inspections and repairs.
| Problem | Likely Cause | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Wet hay | Poor drainage or uncovered feed face | Move feeder to drained pad, add roof or tarp, replace soaked hay |
| Trampling/waste | Low feed face or missing skirt panels | Raise feeder slightly, install skirt or skirt boards, add anti‑trample slats |
| Loose fasteners | Vibration, freeze‑thaw, or initial under‑torque | Pilot‑drill and re‑torque with proper screw count; replace stripped screws |
| Entanglement risk | Protruding screws or sharp edges | Countersink and sand heads, cap sharp ends, file burrs |
| Predator access gaps | Large openings at base or sides | Add mesh or closing panels and secure edges with galvanized fasteners |
| Rot at ground contact | Untreated wood in wet conditions | Replace with pressure‑treated or sealed members and improve site drainage |
DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Safety, Waste-Reducing Design and Feeding Efficiency Tips
A concise safety checklist reduces entanglement, ingestion of hardware, and hoof injuries during routine feeding.
Round or sand all exposed edges, countersink and cap fasteners, and remove any protruding screws or splinters before placing the unit in service.
Confirm gap sizes at feeding openings prevent head or limb entrapment and provide predator exclusion at base openings.
Anti-waste modifications focus on limiting hay pull-through and trampling without complex retrofits.
Use slat spacing that restricts forage loss while allowing normal mouth access, add a skirt or skirt boards at the base to block trampling, and raise the bottom slightly off ground level to reduce bedding contamination.
Install anti-pull bars or short PVC slats across the feed face to slow consumption and lower daily hay use.
Feeding-efficiency actions cut feed cost and labor across seasons.
Provide sufficient linear access to reduce competition-driven pulling, feed in measured shifts rather than continuous pile placement, and monitor consumption for one week to set refill frequency.
Slow-feeder techniques and modest weather covers reduce spoilage and extend bale life.
- Rounded edges on all exposed boards — reduces cuts and snags.
- Slat spacing 2–3" — limits hay pull‑through while permitting bites.
- Skirt panels at base — prevents trampling and chop loss.
- Raised bottom 2–3" — reduces wet hay contact and rot.
- Anti-pull bars (PVC or 1x3s) — slows consumption rate.
- Secure, countersunk fasteners — eliminates protrusions and snag points.
- Height guideline 18–24" feed face — adult comfort, limits hoof-grasping.
- Lamb step access or removable lower panel — safe access for young stock.
- Predator-proof mesh at gaps — closes access points without blocking feed.
- Label inspection points and log checks monthly — tracks wear and risk.
| Feature | Benefit | Implementation Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Slat spacing (2–3") | Reduces pull-through and waste | Low ($5–$20) |
| Raised floor | Less trampling; drier hay | Low ($10–$30) |
| Roof cover | Protects from moisture and spoilage | Low–Medium ($20–$80) |
| Galvanized hardware | Longer service life, fewer replacements | Low–Medium ($10–$40) |
| Anchoring | Prevents tipping and reduces damage | Low–Medium ($15–$60) |
The completed feeder is a compact, low-profile 4' bunk-style rack that holds a 1-1/2-square hay bale. It uses 20" x 48" plywood panels and a simple 48" footprint, sized for lambs, adult sheep, goats, ponies, and minis.
Project scope is beginner-friendly and shop-light. Cut lists and step sequences use six 8' 2x4s, 17" 2x4 bunk pieces, 20" x 4' plywood, and 3" wood screws. Required power tools include a circular saw and a 1/2" drill with a No. 2 bit. Target material cost is under $80 for new lumber; reclaimed boards reduce that figure.
Key action items
- Download the printable cut list and label each part by length (17" bunk pieces, 48" rails, 20" panels).
- Gather materials: 6 — 8' 2x4s, plywood 20" x 4', 3" wood screws, a 4x4 for layout reference, circular saw, 1/2" drill/No. 2 bit.
- Follow the 12-step assembly with photo/video cues and set the circular saw blade 1/8"–1/4" deeper than plywood for safe, clean cuts.
The package provides a concise build path, low-cost material choices, and simple weatherproofing and maintenance notes so small-farm operators can replicate the design reliably. It is presented as a practical resource titled DIY Sheep Hay Feeder: Simple Plans for Small Farms.
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FAQ
Q: Where can builders find simple DIY sheep hay feeder plans and videos for small farms?
Search "4-foot bunk hayrack plans" and "DIY sheep hay feeder video." Plan uses 6 — 8' 2x4s and 20" x 4' plywood; target budget under $80.
Q: What designs reduce hay waste for sheep and cattle?
Use slow‑feed racks or enclosed bunks with 2–3" slat spacing, raised floor, and roof or skirt panels. These limit pull‑through and trampling, improving feed efficiency.
Q: Can the 4-foot bunk plan be adapted for cows, horses, or round bales?
The compact 4' bunk fits lambs, adult sheep, goats, ponies, and minis. For horses, cattle, or round bales scale dimensions, upgrade fasteners, anchors, and cradle hardware; cost increases.
Q: Where to buy a ready-made sheep hay feeder and what features matter?
Check farm‑supply dealers, livestock catalogs, and online marketplaces. Prioritize durable panels, galvanized hardware, appropriate feed‑face width, and mobile or anchored configurations that match flock size.
Q: How many pounds of hay do sheep need per day?
Sheep consume about 2–4% of body weight as dry matter daily. A 150‑lb sheep eats roughly 3–6 lb of hay; adjust for pregnancy, lactation, and forage quality.
Q: How high should a sheep feeder be?
Recommended feeder height is 18–24" for adult sheep. Provide lower access or a step for lambs to prevent hoof grasping and entanglement.
Q: Do sheep need a hay feeder?
Feeders are not mandatory but reduce waste, prevent trampling, and lower spoilage. Small farms benefit from compact bunks sized for 1‑1/2‑square bales and mixed flocks.
Q: How to make a simple homemade birdfeeder?
A basic platform feeder uses a 12"×12" treated‑wood base, 1" battens for a roof, and mesh or tray sides. Hang 5–8' high and clean regularly; match seed to local species.
